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  "teaser" : "路透社援引内部知情人士报道称，美国政府机构秘密地在高性能芯片货物中安放定位追踪装置，以防止其被非法走私至中国。",
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  "text" : "（德国之声中文网）两名直接了解这一此前未公开做法的消息人士周三（8月13日）向路透社表示，这项措施旨在发现人工智能（AI）芯片货物是否被转运至受美国出口管制的国家和地区。 据称，这种做法仅适用于正在接受调查的特定批次货物。追踪器有助于帮助搜集个人和企业是否存在规避出口管制行为的证据。 涉及多家厂商品牌芯片 来自人工智能服务器供应链的另外五名人士称，他们知晓追踪器被用于戴尔（Dell）、超微（Super Micro）等厂商的服务器货物中，这些服务器搭载英伟达（Nvidia）和AMD芯片。追踪设备通常被隐藏在服务器包装中。在一起2024年的案例中，一批搭载英伟达芯片的戴尔服务器货物中，不仅在运输纸箱上发现了大型追踪器，还在包装内部，甚至设备内部发现了更小、更隐蔽的追踪装置。 走私者似乎也已对此有所警觉。根据一份近期公布的法庭文件，一名同伙曾提醒被告检查货物中是否有追踪器。“留意一下有没有追踪器，必须仔细检查。”该同伙在信息中这样写道。 拓展阅读——德语媒体：“要想卖芯片 留下买路钱“ 美国多个部门或有参与 知情人士称，美国商务部下属负责出口管制的工业与安全局（BIS）通常参与此类行动，联邦调查局（FBI）等执法机构也可能参与其中。不过，FBI、英伟达均拒绝就此置评。戴尔表示，不知晓美国政府有在其产品货物中安装追踪器的举措。超微则称，不对安全措施发表评论。中国外交部暂未对此回应。 美国在全球AI芯片供应链中占据主导地位，且多年来一直试图限制芯片及其他技术出口至中国，以减缓中国这一竞争对手在军事等领域的现代化进程。 美国于2022年出台了针对英伟达、AMD等厂商高性能芯片的出口限制。美国执法部门使用追踪设备也并非首次，这一做法可追溯至数十年前。早在1985年就有一起类似案件，美国海关曾在一箱出口管制设备中安装了追踪器。 （路透社） DW中文有Instagram！欢迎搜寻dw.chinese，看更多深入浅出的图文与影音报道。 © 2025年德国之声版权声明：本文所有内容受到著作权法保护，如无德国之声特别授权，不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿，并受到刑事追究。",
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