{
  "type" : "Article",
  "id" : 71581928,
  "languageId" : 4,
  "trackingInfo" : {
    "level2" : "4",
    "page" : "<prefix>::在线报导::政治::美国国际开发署监察长被解职",
    "customCriteria" : {
      "x8" : "",
      "x9" : "20250212",
      "x10" : "<prefix>::在线报导::政治",
      "x1" : "1",
      "x2" : "4",
      "X14" : "",
      "x3" : "71581928",
      "x4" : "1681",
      "x5" : "美国国际开发署监察长被解职",
      "X15" : "",
      "x6" : "1",
      "X18" : "",
      "x7" : ""
    }
  },
  "mainContent" : {
    "id" : 71578440,
    "type" : "Image",
    "name" : "图为美国国际开发署（USAID）监察长保罗·马丁（Paul Martin）",
    "description" : "美国国际开发署监察长在其办公室发布批评特朗普政府削弱该机构的报告后，于周二被邮件告知遭解职，且未给出理由",
    "sizes" : [ {
      "width" : 220,
      "height" : 124,
      "url" : "https://static.dw.com/image/71578440_301.jpg"
    }, {
      "width" : 460,
      "height" : 259,
      "url" : "https://static.dw.com/image/71578440_302.jpg"
    }, {
      "width" : 700,
      "height" : 394,
      "url" : "https://static.dw.com/image/71578440_303.jpg"
    }, {
      "width" : 940,
      "height" : 529,
      "url" : "https://static.dw.com/image/71578440_304.jpg"
    } ]
  },
  "name" : "美国国际开发署监察长被解职",
  "teaser" : "美国国际开发署监察长在其办公室发布批评特朗普政府削弱该机构的报告后，于周二被邮件告知遭解职，且未给出理由。特朗普于同日称USAID“无能且腐败”，并已指派马斯克负责缩减该机构规模。",
  "categoryName" : "政治",
  "text" : "（德国之声中文网）路透社援引美国国际开发署（USAID）一名官员的信息报道称，该署监察长保罗·马丁（Paul Martin）已于周二（2月11日）被解雇。就在此前一天，该监察长办公室发布了一份报告，批评特朗普政府试图撤销该机构的举措。 马丁自2023年12月起担任美国国际开发署监察长一职，该职位需经美国参议院确认。 这名不愿透露姓名的美国国际开发署官员表示，马丁已被“解除职务”。 马丁是通过一封来自总统人事办公室副主任莫尔斯（Trent Morse）的邮件获悉被解雇一事。莫尔斯在邮件中通知马丁，他作为美国国际开发署监察长被免职，且“立即生效”。 邮件并未说明解职原因，白宫方面也未发表评论。 被解雇前曾发布批评报告 监察长办公室周一（2月11日）发布的一份报告称，特朗普政府解散美国国际开发署的举措严重削弱了其对未使用的援助资金（价值82亿美元）的监管能力。 报告称，由于人员削减和停工令，美国国际开发署难以确保纳税人的资金能够最终流向原定的受益方。 特朗普于1月20日下令冻结大部分美国对外援助后，美国国际开发署在全球范围内的数百个项目被迫陷入停顿。这些项目涉及数十亿美元的美国援助资金。特朗普表示，他希望确保对外援助符合其“美国优先”政策。 特朗普在本周二（2月11日）称美国国际开发署“无能且腐败”，并指派亿万富翁马斯克负责缩减该机构规模。此前，美国国际开发署在美国国内和海外拥有超过1万名员工，而目前除约600人外，其他员工均已被解雇或停职。 特朗普政府上周采取措施，原计划让美国国际开发署多名员工强制进入行政休假状态，但被联邦法官尼科尔斯（Carl Nichols）2月7日以临时禁止令的方式叫停。 2023财年，美国在全球范围内提供了720亿美元用于援助项目，包括冲突地区的妇女健康、清洁水供应、艾滋病治疗、能源安全以及反腐败工作。2024年，美国提供的援助资金占联合国统计的全球人道主义援助总额的42%。 这些资金在美国联邦预算中的占比不到1%，但长期以来被认为是华盛顿在世界各地建立联盟、加强外交以及对抗中国和俄罗斯在发展中国家影响力的重要手段。 （路透社等） DW中文有Instagram！欢迎搜寻dw.chinese，看更多深入浅出的图文与影音报导。 © 2025年德国之声版权声明：本文所有内容受到著作权法保护，如无德国之声特别授权，不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿，并受到刑事追究。",
  "permaLink" : "https://p.dw.com/p/4qLjE",
  "displayDate" : "2025-02-12T11:04:04.419Z",
  "body" : [ {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "（德国之声中文网）路透社援引美国国际开发署（USAID）一名官员的信息报道称，该署监察长保罗·马丁（Paul Martin）已于周二（2月11日）被解雇。就在此前一天，该监察长办公室发布了一份报告，批评<span class=\"editable placeholder\" data-id=\"69234616\" data-type=\"AUTO_TOPIC\" title=\"Automatische Themenseite\">特朗普</span>政府<a href=\"https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71538644\" rel=\"ArticleRef\">试图撤销该机构</a>的举措。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "马丁自2023年12月起担任美国国际开发署监察长一职，该职位需经美国参议院确认。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "这名不愿透露姓名的美国国际开发署官员表示，马丁已被“解除职务”。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "马丁是通过一封来自总统人事办公室副主任莫尔斯（Trent Morse）的邮件获悉被解雇一事。莫尔斯在邮件中通知马丁，他作为美国国际开发署监察长被免职，且“立即生效”。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "邮件并未说明解职原因，白宫方面也未发表评论。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "id" : 71547199,
      "type" : "Video",
      "name" : "美國國際開發署是什麼機構?",
      "permaLink" : "https://p.dw.com/p/4qCh5",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/detail/video/71547199",
      "duration" : 146,
      "sources" : [ {
        "protocol" : "https",
        "format" : "mp4",
        "bitrate" : 3500,
        "url" : "https://tvdownloaddw-a.akamaihd.net/Events/mp4/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw_AVC_1280x720.mp4",
        "quality" : "avc_1280x720"
      }, {
        "protocol" : "https",
        "format" : "mp4",
        "bitrate" : 6500,
        "url" : "https://tvdownloaddw-a.akamaihd.net/Events/mp4/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw_AVC_1920x1080.mp4",
        "quality" : "avc_1920x1080"
      }, {
        "protocol" : "https",
        "format" : "mp4",
        "bitrate" : 1800,
        "url" : "https://tvdownloaddw-a.akamaihd.net/Events/mp4/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw_AVC_960x540.mp4",
        "quality" : "avc_960x540"
      }, {
        "protocol" : "https",
        "format" : "mp4",
        "bitrate" : 1024,
        "url" : "https://tvdownloaddw-a.akamaihd.net/Events/mp4/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw_AVC_640x360.mp4",
        "quality" : "avc_640x360"
      }, {
        "protocol" : "https",
        "format" : "mp4",
        "bitrate" : 512,
        "url" : "https://tvdownloaddw-a.akamaihd.net/Events/mp4/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw_AVC_512x288.mp4",
        "quality" : "avc_512x288"
      }, {
        "protocol" : "https",
        "format" : "mp4",
        "bitrate" : 256,
        "url" : "https://tvdownloaddw-a.akamaihd.net/Events/mp4/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw_AVC_480x270.mp4",
        "quality" : "avc_480x270"
      }, {
        "protocol" : "https",
        "format" : "HLS",
        "bitrate" : 6500,
        "url" : "https://hlsvod.dw.com/i/Events/mp4/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw_,AVC_1920x1080,AVC_1280x720,AVC_960x540,AVC_640x360,AVC_512x288,AVC_480x270,.mp4.csmil/master.m3u8",
        "quality" : "HLS"
      } ],
      "previewImage" : {
        "type" : "Image",
        "sizes" : [ {
          "width" : 512,
          "height" : 288,
          "url" : "https://tvdownloaddw-a.akamaihd.net/stills/images/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw.jpg"
        } ]
      },
      "trackingInfo" : {
        "level2" : "4",
        "page" : "<prefix>::在线报导::政治::V_美國國際開發署是什麼機構?",
        "customCriteria" : {
          "x8" : "",
          "x9" : "20250208",
          "x10" : "<prefix>::在线报导::政治",
          "x12" : "",
          "x1" : "201",
          "x11" : "Events/mp4/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw_AVC_1920x1080.mp4",
          "x2" : "4",
          "x3" : "71547199",
          "x4" : "1681",
          "x5" : "V_美國國際開發署是什麼機構?",
          "x6" : "1",
          "x7" : ""
        }
      },
      "mediaTrackingInfo" : {
        "mediaType" : "Video",
        "level2" : "4",
        "playerId" : "1",
        "mediaName" : "Events/mp4/vdt_zh/2025/dwvgchi250208_qusaidexplainn_01imw_AVC_1920x1080.mp4",
        "mediaDuration" : 146,
        "live" : false
      }
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "<strong>被解雇前曾发布批评报告</strong>"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "监察长办公室周一（2月11日）发布的一份报告称，特朗普政府<a href=\"https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71516546\" rel=\"ArticleRef\">解散美国国际开发署的举措</a>严重削弱了其对未使用的援助资金（价值82亿美元）的监管能力。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "报告称，由于人员削减和停工令，美国国际开发署难以确保纳税人的资金能够最终流向原定的受益方。 特朗普于1月20日下令<a href=\"https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71407963\" rel=\"ArticleRef\">冻结大部分美国对外援助</a>后，美国国际开发署在全球范围内的数百个项目<a href=\"https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71495589\" rel=\"ArticleRef\">被迫陷入停顿</a>。这些项目涉及数十亿美元的美国援助资金。特朗普表示，他希望确保对外援助符合其“美国优先”政策。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "特朗普在本周二（2月11日）称美国国际开发署“无能且腐败”，并指派亿万富翁马斯克负责缩减该机构规模。此前，美国国际开发署在美国国内和海外拥有超过1万名员工，而目前除约600人外，其他员工均已被解雇或停职。 "
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "特朗普政府上周采取措施，原计划让美国国际开发署多名员工强制进入行政休假状态，但被联邦法官尼科尔斯（Carl Nichols）2月7日以临时禁止令的方式叫停。 "
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "2023财年，美国在全球范围内提供了720亿美元用于援助项目，包括冲突地区的妇女健康、清洁水供应、艾滋病治疗、能源安全以及反腐败工作。2024年，美国提供的援助资金占联合国统计的全球人道主义援助总额的42%。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "这些资金在美国联邦预算中的占比不到1%，但长期以来被认为是华盛顿在世界各地建立联盟、加强外交以及<a href=\"https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71574653\" rel=\"ArticleRef\">对抗中国和俄罗斯</a>在发展中国家影响力的重要手段。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "（路透社等）"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "DW中文有Instagram！欢迎搜寻dw.chinese，看更多深入浅出的图文与影音报导。"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Instagram",
      "url" : "https://www.instagram.com/dw.chinese/",
      "embedCode" : "\n    <div style=\"padding:16px;\"> <a\n                href=\"https://www.instagram.com/dw.chinese/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\"\n                style=\" background:#FFFFFF; line-height:0; padding:0 0; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; width:100%;\"\n                target=\"_blank\">\n            <div style=\" display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n                <div\n                        style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\">\n                </div>\n                <div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n                    <div\n                            style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\">\n                    </div>\n                    <div\n                            style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\">\n                    </div>\n                </div>\n            </div>\n            <div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"></div>\n            <div style=\"display:block; height:50px; margin:0 auto 12px; width:50px;\">\n                <svg width=\"50px\" height=\"50px\"\n                     viewBox=\"0 0 60 60\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"https://www.w3.org/2000/svg\"\n                >\n                    <g stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"1\" fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\">\n                        <g transform=\"translate(-511.000000, -20.000000)\" fill=\"#000000\">\n                            <g>\n                                <path\n                                        d=\"M556.869,30.41 C554.814,30.41 553.148,32.076 553.148,34.131 C553.148,36.186 554.814,37.852 556.869,37.852 C558.924,37.852 560.59,36.186 560.59,34.131 C560.59,32.076 558.924,30.41 556.869,30.41 M541,60.657 C535.114,60.657 530.342,55.887 530.342,50 C530.342,44.114 535.114,39.342 541,39.342 C546.887,39.342 551.658,44.114 551.658,50 C551.658,55.887 546.887,60.657 541,60.657 M541,33.886 C532.1,33.886 524.886,41.1 524.886,50 C524.886,58.899 532.1,66.113 541,66.113 C549.9,66.113 557.115,58.899 557.115,50 C557.115,41.1 549.9,33.886 541,33.886 M565.378,62.101 C565.244,65.022 564.756,66.606 564.346,67.663 C563.803,69.06 563.154,70.057 562.106,71.106 C561.058,72.155 560.06,72.803 558.662,73.347 C557.607,73.757 556.021,74.244 553.102,74.378 C549.944,74.521 548.997,74.552 541,74.552 C533.003,74.552 532.056,74.521 528.898,74.378 C525.979,74.244 524.393,73.757 523.338,73.347 C521.94,72.803 520.942,72.155 519.894,71.106 C518.846,70.057 518.197,69.06 517.654,67.663 C517.244,66.606 516.755,65.022 516.623,62.101 C516.479,58.943 516.448,57.996 516.448,50 C516.448,42.003 516.479,41.056 516.623,37.899 C516.755,34.978 517.244,33.391 517.654,32.338 C518.197,30.938 518.846,29.942 519.894,28.894 C520.942,27.846 521.94,27.196 523.338,26.654 C524.393,26.244 525.979,25.756 528.898,25.623 C532.057,25.479 533.004,25.448 541,25.448 C548.997,25.448 549.943,25.479 553.102,25.623 C556.021,25.756 557.607,26.244 558.662,26.654 C560.06,27.196 561.058,27.846 562.106,28.894 C563.154,29.942 563.803,30.938 564.346,32.338 C564.756,33.391 565.244,34.978 565.378,37.899 C565.522,41.056 565.552,42.003 565.552,50 C565.552,57.996 565.522,58.943 565.378,62.101 M570.82,37.631 C570.674,34.438 570.167,32.258 569.425,30.349 C568.659,28.377 567.633,26.702 565.965,25.035 C564.297,23.368 562.623,22.342 560.652,21.575 C558.743,20.834 556.562,20.326 553.369,20.18 C550.169,20.033 549.148,20 541,20 C532.853,20 531.831,20.033 528.631,20.18 C525.438,20.326 523.257,20.834 521.349,21.575 C519.376,22.342 517.703,23.368 516.035,25.035 C514.368,26.702 513.342,28.377 512.574,30.349 C511.834,32.258 511.326,34.438 511.181,37.631 C511.035,40.831 511,41.851 511,50 C511,58.147 511.035,59.17 511.181,62.369 C511.326,65.562 511.834,67.743 512.574,69.651 C513.342,71.625 514.368,73.296 516.035,74.965 C517.703,76.634 519.376,77.658 521.349,78.425 C523.257,79.167 525.438,79.673 528.631,79.82 C531.831,79.965 532.853,80.001 541,80.001 C549.148,80.001 550.169,79.965 553.369,79.82 C556.562,79.673 558.743,79.167 560.652,78.425 C562.623,77.658 564.297,76.634 565.965,74.965 C567.633,73.296 568.659,71.625 569.425,69.651 C570.167,67.743 570.674,65.562 570.82,62.369 C570.966,59.17 571,58.147 571,50 C571,41.851 570.966,40.831 570.82,37.631\">\n                                </path>\n                            </g>\n                        </g>\n                    </g>\n                </svg></div>\n            <div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n                <div\n                        style=\" color:#3897f0; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:550; line-height:18px;\">\n                    View this post on Instagram</div>\n            </div>\n            <div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"></div>\n            <div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n                <div>\n                    <div\n                            style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);\">\n                    </div>\n                    <div\n                            style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\">\n                    </div>\n                    <div\n                            style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);\">\n                    </div>\n                </div>\n                <div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n                    <div\n                            style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\">\n                    </div>\n                    <div\n                            style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg)\">\n                    </div>\n                </div>\n                <div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n                    <div\n                            style=\" width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);\">\n                    </div>\n                    <div\n                            style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);\">\n                    </div>\n                    <div\n                            style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);\">\n                    </div>\n                </div>\n            </div>\n        </a>\n    </div>\n</blockquote>\n",
      "providerUrl" : "https://www.instagram.com"
    }
  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "© 2025年德国之声版权声明：本文所有内容受到著作权法保护，如无德国之声特别授权，不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿，并受到刑事追究。"
    }
  } ],
  "referenceGroups" : [ {
    "name" : "DW.COM",
    "type" : "InternalContent",
    "items" : [ {
      "id" : 71538644,
      "type" : "ArticleRef",
      "name" : "美媒称国际开发署大裁员 仅留约300员工",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71538644"
    }, {
      "id" : 71516546,
      "type" : "ArticleRef",
      "name" : "美国国际开发署员工被限期30天撤离",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71516546"
    }, {
      "id" : 71495589,
      "type" : "ArticleRef",
      "name" : "美国际开发署或遭“关停”？官员：将重挫美国外交软实力",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71495589"
    }, {
      "id" : 71574653,
      "type" : "ArticleRef",
      "name" : "特朗普冻结外援 中国趁机增强软实力",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71574653"
    }, {
      "id" : 71407963,
      "type" : "ArticleRef",
      "name" : "美国冻结几乎所有对外援助 乌克兰或面临军援“断供”",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/71407963"
    } ]
  }, {
    "name" : "关键词",
    "type" : "Keywords",
    "items" : [ {
      "type" : "SearchRef",
      "name" : "美国国际开发署",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/search/global?terms=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E7%BD%B2&languageId=4"
    }, {
      "type" : "SearchRef",
      "name" : "USAID",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/search/global?terms=USAID&languageId=4"
    }, {
      "type" : "SearchRef",
      "name" : "特朗普",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/search/global?terms=%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%97%E6%99%AE&languageId=4"
    }, {
      "type" : "SearchRef",
      "name" : "对外援助",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/search/global?terms=%E5%AF%B9%E5%A4%96%E6%8F%B4%E5%8A%A9&languageId=4"
    }, {
      "type" : "SearchRef",
      "name" : "美国优先",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/search/global?terms=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%98%E5%85%88&languageId=4"
    }, {
      "type" : "SearchRef",
      "name" : "DOGE",
      "url" : "https://api.dw.com/api/search/global?terms=DOGE&languageId=4"
    } ]
  } ]
}