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    "name" : "加工食品中常常含有大量糖分，食用时很容易超过本该摄入的糖分上限",
    "description" : "加工食品中常常含有大量糖分，食用时很容易超过本该摄入的糖分上限",
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  "name" : "甜蜜的陷阱：糖会杀死肠道有益菌群   ",
  "teaser" : "我们所吃的东西会影响我们的肠道微生物群以及我们的健康。一项小鼠实验结果表明，糖会杀死若干能防止肥胖和疾病的肠道细菌。那么，再也不能吃巧克力了？ ",
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  "text" : "（德国之声中文网）巧克力、饼干、蛋糕,美味，但不健康。摄入糖分太多，对我们的健康不利——此为不受欢迎的现实，早非秘密。同样确凿的是，食物在通过我们的消化器官时留下痕迹，并对我们肠道中游荡的微生物产生影响。 现在，纽约哥伦比亚大学研究人员在《细胞》杂志上发表的一份研究报告证明了糖对小鼠肠道微生物群，以及对免疫系统的影响。 好细菌、坏细菌 细菌生活在肠道中，负责增加某些免疫细胞，即所谓的T辅助细胞，更准确地说是Th17细胞。在小鼠实验中，科学家们观察到，这些免疫细胞调节小鼠肠道中的脂肪吸收。 研究人员还发现，富含糖份的饮食促进某些细菌的滋生，反过来又杀死促进免疫的微生物群。结果，更多的脂肪通过肠道粘膜进入小鼠体内，小鼠们不仅变得超重，而且生病。 德国吕贝克大学（ Universität Lübeck ）营养医学研究所所长西纳（Christian Sina）说：“糖如何影响人类肠道，目前还不是很清楚。已有许多小鼠研究，但关于人类肠道的数据相当少。尽管如此，有一点是明确的：摄入过多糖份肯定不健康。” 糖：是否有毒看剂量 谁若在经不住诱惑时将甜食架打扫一空，躺在沙发上，拿巧克力和柠檬水度过一天，并不会立刻生病。 因此，西纳大夫并不想将糖完全妖魔化。这位营养学家说：在咖啡中加一茶勺糖不是问题。不过，只有很少人会适可而止。 卫生组织建议将糖的消费量减少到每天25克左右。这仍将是六茶勺的量。美国疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）在2017年至2018年间的一项调查结果显示，美国人日均消费糖相当于17 茶勺容量。 加工食品中含大量糖分 这里，有问题的不仅是蛋糕、饼干和巧克力棒这些以高糖含量著称的食品。俗称的“隐性糖”，如在加工食品中所含的，会使人在不知不觉中增加糖茶勺数量。享受大量加工食品后，当事人很快就会超过本该有的糖分上限。 这会导致恶性循环：含糖食物不仅会使血糖水平快速上升，也会使之很快下降，由此引发的低血糖症会再度刺激对甜食的胃口。 除导致肥胖外，心血管疾病也是高血糖和高血脂的结果，并引发心脏病、中风和二型糖尿病。 没有好的替代品 西纳大夫指出，蜂蜜、龙舌兰糖浆或人工甜味剂（如糖精）各有优势，“但作为精制糖的替代品，它们也不是没有问题的”，蜂蜜和龙舌兰糖浆也含大量葡萄糖，那就是糖。 若小鼠研究结果在人体试验中得到某种程度的证实，则世卫组织或营养学家们将不得不重新对糖做出评估。 不过，现有数据已明确告诉我们：少吃比多吃好。营养学家西纳说：“我们必须抛弃甜食对我们有好处这一观点。”至少不能天天吃、大量吃。 © 2022年德国之声版权声明：本文所有内容受到著作权法保护，如无德国之声特别授权，不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿，并受到刑事追究。",
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      "text" : "（德国之声中文网）巧克力、饼干、蛋糕,美味，但不健康。摄入糖分太多，对我们的健康不利——此为不受欢迎的现实，早非秘密。同样确凿的是，食物在通过我们的消化器官时留下痕迹，并对我们肠道中游荡的微生物产生影响。  "
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  }, {
    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "现在，纽约哥伦比亚大学研究人员在《细胞》杂志上发表的一份研究报告证明了糖对小鼠肠道微生物群，以及对免疫系统的影响。  "
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "<strong>好细菌、坏细菌   </strong>"
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      "text" : "细菌生活在肠道中，负责增加某些免疫细胞，即所谓的T辅助细胞，更准确地说是Th17细胞。在小鼠实验中，科学家们观察到，这些免疫细胞调节小鼠肠道中的脂肪吸收。   "
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      "text" : "研究人员还发现，富含糖份的饮食促进某些细菌的滋生，反过来又杀死促进免疫的微生物群。结果，更多的脂肪通过肠道粘膜进入小鼠体内，小鼠们不仅变得超重，而且生病。  "
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    "content" : {
      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "德国吕贝克大学（ Universität Lübeck ）营养医学研究所所长西纳（Christian Sina）说：“糖如何影响人类肠道，目前还不是很清楚。已有许多小鼠研究，但关于人类肠道的数据相当少。尽管如此，有一点是明确的：摄入过多糖份肯定不健康。” "
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      "description" : "世界范围内的食糖消费有所增加，造成的后果是可怕的健康问题。世界卫生组织警告，“糖尿病将成为全球流行病”。肥胖和糖尿病患者将急剧增加。",
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        "name" : "能让人成瘾！",
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        "description" : "糖类物质在人体内能以2到5倍的速度转化成脂肪。也就是说，糖可以直接转化为脂肪。此外，人体摄入的果糖类物质也通过肝脏代谢。过量使用容易导致脂肪肝。另一方面，食糖过量还可能导致胰岛素抵抗，最终换上2型糖尿病。一种终身疾病。",
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        "name" : "易唤起攻击性！",
        "description" : "食糖过量的人极有可能有过激行为。我们也知道，爱吃糖的孩子有所谓的多动症：食糖摄入增加可降低人的集中力，始终处于活跃状态，坐不住。因此儿童尤其在校期间应吃不含糖食物。",
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        "description" : "过多的糖会损伤人的记忆力。柏林人查里特（Charité）的一项研究显示，升高的血糖水平降低可降低人类大脑海马区的记忆功能。",
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      "text" : "<strong>糖：是否有毒看剂量 </strong>"
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "谁若在经不住诱惑时将甜食架打扫一空，躺在沙发上，拿巧克力和柠檬水度过一天，并不会立刻生病。  "
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      "text" : "因此，西纳大夫并不想将糖完全妖魔化。这位营养学家说：在咖啡中加一茶勺糖不是问题。不过，只有很少人会适可而止。  "
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      "text" : "卫生组织建议将糖的消费量减少到每天25克左右。这仍将是六茶勺的量。美国疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）在2017年至2018年间的一项调查结果显示，美国人日均消费糖相当于17 茶勺容量。 "
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      "text" : "<strong>加工食品中含大量糖分   </strong>"
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      "text" : "这里，有问题的不仅是蛋糕、饼干和巧克力棒这些以高糖含量著称的食品。俗称的“隐性糖”，如在加工食品中所含的，会使人在不知不觉中增加糖茶勺数量。享受大量加工食品后，当事人很快就会超过本该有的糖分上限。  "
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      "text" : "这会导致恶性循环：含糖食物不仅会使血糖水平快速上升，也会使之很快下降，由此引发的低血糖症会再度刺激对甜食的胃口。   "
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      "text" : "除导致肥胖外，心血管疾病也是高血糖和高血脂的结果，并引发心脏病、中风和二型糖尿病。 "
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      "description" : "德国人是全欧洲消费甜食量最多的，且德国的甜食价格，如果考虑人均收入的话，属欧洲最低。德国科隆刚刚落幕的国际甜食博览会（ISM）既要让人们无法抵挡甜食的诱惑，又极力打出健康牌。",
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        "name" : "“四不像”",
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        "name" : "造型也很重要",
        "description" : "除了在口味上创新，甜食厂商也注重设计，仿真汽车或包包让人不忍心下口。",
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        "name" : "有钱，任性",
        "description" : "来自俄罗斯的这款巧克力更是做成美钞样子，一口咬下好几万美元！",
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      "text" : "<strong>没有好的替代品   </strong>"
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "西纳大夫指出，<a href=\"https://api.dw.com/api/detail/article/51269246\" rel=\"ArticleRef\">蜂蜜、龙舌兰糖浆或人工甜味剂（如糖精）各有优势</a>，“但作为精制糖的替代品，它们也不是没有问题的”，蜂蜜和龙舌兰糖浆也含大量葡萄糖，那就是糖。  "
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      "text" : "不过，现有数据已明确告诉我们：少吃比多吃好。营养学家西纳说：“我们必须抛弃甜食对我们有好处这一观点。”至少不能天天吃、大量吃。 "
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