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    "name" : "Symbolbild: Monsanto RoundUp",
    "description" : "一个美国法院认为，一种除草剂是加州一名老人罹患癌症的\"主要原因\"\n",
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  "name" : "买了一家孟山都，缠上一万件赔偿案",
  "teaser" : "德国拜耳公司周三股值跳水10%以上，原因是美国一家法院的陪审团认定，拜耳子公司孟山都的除草剂是一名男子罹患癌症的主要原因。而事实上，绝大部分科学验证都无法支持以上说法。\n\n",
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  "text" : "(德国之声中文网)一个美国法院周三作出裁决，\"农达\"（Roundup）除草剂是加州一名70岁老人罹患癌症的\"主要原因\"。 此次判决对德国的拜耳公司而言不啻是迎头的棒喝，因为它的子公司孟山都（Monsanto）是\"农达\"的生产商。周三的判决也成为其他相关案子的示范。 案情细节 在使用\"农达\"25年之后，美国加州居民哈德曼（Edwin Hardeman）被诊断患有\"非霍奇金淋巴瘤\"。 旧金山一家法院的陪审团得出一致结论，该除草剂对患以上疾病起到很大作用。 现在该案进入第二阶段，将确认孟山都是否应为病患负责、怎样负责，即确定赔偿额度。 原告律师可能会出示孟山都试图控制科学家和影响监管机构的证据。 拜耳：公司不对癌症负责 哈德曼的律师说，\"现在我们可以聚焦取证，它将显示孟山都对确保\"农达\"产品的安全没有进行负责任以及客观的努力。\" 去年，德国拜耳公司收购了孟山都。公司称，\"案子的第二阶段将证实孟山都的所作所为合理合法，公司无需为哈德曼先生罹患癌症负责，对此，我们有信心。\" 不过，就在周三当日，拜耳股指猛跌10%以上。 草甘膦是否致癌？ 草甘膦（glyphosate）是\"农达\"除草剂里的主要化学成份。它是否致癌？人们对此意见不一。批评者很快得出\"致癌\"的结论，但科研者却无法最终回答这个问题。 根据欧盟健康管理部门的说法，绝大部分专家的结论基本是，草甘膦对人体不太可能造成癌症后果；得到的证据都无法支持有致癌潜在危险的说法。 然而，世界卫生组织下属的预防癌症署则说，草甘膦\"有可能对人体致癌\"。 为一万多个案子提供示范 周三的判决结果对11000多起针对农达的诉状有着示范效应。人们估计，旧金山联邦法院会处理700多个相关案子，使它们得到某种和解。 去年，旧金山一家法院判定孟山都对一名癌症病人赔偿2890万美元。后来，为了结官司，一名法官将赔偿数额降低到780万美元，而这名原告也同意获赔780万美元。 李鱼/叶宣（美联社、路透社等）",
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      "text" : "(德国之声中文网)一个美国法院周三作出裁决，\"农达\"（Roundup）除草剂是加州一名70岁老人罹患癌症的\"主要原因\"。"
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "此次判决对德国的拜耳公司而言不啻是迎头的棒喝，因为它的子公司孟山都（Monsanto）是\"农达\"的生产商。周三的判决也成为其他相关案子的示范。"
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      "text" : "<strong>案情细节</strong>"
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      "text" : "在使用\"农达\"25年之后，美国加州居民哈德曼（Edwin Hardeman）被诊断患有\"非霍奇金淋巴瘤\"。"
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "旧金山一家法院的陪审团得出一致结论，该除草剂对患以上疾病起到很大作用。"
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "现在该案进入第二阶段，将确认孟山都是否应为病患负责、怎样负责，即确定赔偿额度。"
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      "text" : "原告律师可能会出示孟山都试图控制科学家和影响监管机构的证据。"
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      "text" : "<strong>拜耳：公司不对癌症负责</strong>"
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      "text" : "哈德曼的律师说，\"现在我们可以聚焦取证，它将显示孟山都对确保\"农达\"产品的安全没有进行负责任以及客观的努力。\""
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "去年，德国拜耳公司收购了孟山都。公司称，\"案子的第二阶段将证实孟山都的所作所为合理合法，公司无需为哈德曼先生罹患癌症负责，对此，我们有信心。\""
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      "name" : "癌症：防患于未然",
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      "description" : "癌症并非不能预防，研究人员已经发现一些肿瘤的诱因。每个人都可以为自己的健康出力。",
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        "description" : "诊断出癌症总是那么的意外和沉重。事实上，近一半的癌症都可以避免，单单吸烟一项就是大约五分之一肿瘤的诱因。不仅是肺癌，吸烟也会导致许多其它类型的肿瘤。不过，吸烟虽然是患癌最常见的“自作自受”原因，却绝不是唯一的一个。",
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        "name" : "肥胖可能是致命的",
        "description" : "排在第二位的癌症诱因：肥胖。它会导致释放的胰岛素过高，从而增加罹患癌症的风险，特别是针对肾脏癌、胆囊癌和食道癌。肥胖的妇女因为脂肪组织生成的雌激素水平高，也更容易罹患子宫癌和乳腺癌。",
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        "name" : "木炭烧烤中的风险",
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        "name" : "太多阳光也不好",
        "description" : "太阳光中的紫外线辐射可以影响并改变DNA。其结果是：皮肤癌。虽然防晒霜防止晒伤，但只要皮肤被晒黑，它就已经受到了太多的辐射。",
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        "name" : "现代医学中的致癌因素",
        "description" : "X射线损害基因组成。不过普通的X射线的辐射相对较低，而用计算机断层扫描（CT）就不同，因此CT应只在特别需要的时候做。不过核磁共振是无害的。另外，人们在坐飞机时受到的辐射同样致癌。",
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        "name" : "利大于弊",
        "description" : "避孕药虽然会轻微增加患乳腺癌的风险，但它同时降低了患卵巢癌的风险。总的来说，从预防癌症角度出发它们是利大于弊。",
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        "name" : "最致命的诱因",
        "description" : "尽管我们可以做很多，但仍然无法对癌症免疫，一半的癌症病因都是基因或者年老引起的。特别是头部肿瘤的形成往往不受外界影响。",
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      "text" : "不过，就在周三当日，拜耳股指猛跌10%以上。"
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "<strong>草甘膦是否致癌？</strong>"
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "草甘膦（glyphosate）是\"农达\"除草剂里的主要化学成份。它是否致癌？人们对此意见不一。批评者很快得出\"致癌\"的结论，但科研者却无法最终回答这个问题。"
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      "type" : "Paragraph",
      "text" : "根据欧盟健康管理部门的说法，绝大部分专家的结论基本是，草甘膦对人体不太可能造成癌症后果；得到的证据都无法支持有致癌潜在危险的说法。"
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      "text" : "去年，旧金山一家法院判定孟山都对一名癌症病人赔偿2890万美元。后来，为了结官司，一名法官将赔偿数额降低到780万美元，而这名原告也同意获赔780万美元。"
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